Aspects of Circularity and Sustainability to be Addressed for the Lignin Uses

Circularity and sustainability are concepts to be strategically incorporated to the lignin processing and end-use in order to confer environmental, social, and economic gains. In this chapter these concepts are explored, allied to bioeconomy, life cycle assessment, and industrial ecology in order to promote sustainable technologies. Additionally, know the biobased content is paramount to guarantee the origin and the sustainability of products and processes assisted by the E-factor. Furthermore, the decarbonization promoted by the lignin-based carbon fibers are discussed as a case study.