Sexual Dysfunction in Breast Cancer: Managing of Unmet Need of an Important Aspect

The negative effects of multimodal treatment of breast cancer on sexuality are not seen as a primary major concern when the cancer is diagnosed. However, these patients are recovering from a life-threatening disease; therefore, management of adverse effects carries great importance although patients tend to accept the side effects of treatment that disrupt their sexual lives. In the clinic, the assessment of sexual dysfunction is challenging for several reasons, including the ambiguity of the current diagnostic system, clinicians’ lack of knowledge, and sociocultural and religious beliefs. However, sexual dysfunction is one of the most common complications in women with breast cancer both during and after completion of multimodal treatment, affecting the quality of life, worsening intimate relationships, and significantly hindering patients’ recovery. Breast cancer surgery and postoperative chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and long-term endocrine therapies can adversely affect sexual function through several mechanisms, including impairment of ovarian function, functionality, body image, and personal relationships. Evaluation and treatment of sexual health problems among breast cancer survivors should be included in the care of a multidisciplinary team as a component of oncological care. Awareness of sexual dysfunction by specialized healthcare professionals will help to address and resolve many problems that are not well communicated in a timely manner which may cause possible reservations in the patient.