Summary and Future Prospects

Nutrients play a crucial role in mediating oxidative stress, influencing the progression and development of chronic diseases. Antioxidants such as phytochemicals, minerals, and vitamins have been demonstrated in alleviation of oxidative damage and scavenging of free radicals. Dietary fats, animal-based proteins, and carbohydrates are crucial to highlight here because they may lead to the long-term consequences of nutritionally modulated inflammation. The available studies strongly demonstrated that diets high in animal protein, carbohydrates, and fats produce reactive oxygen species and thereby contribute to oxidative stress. Future studies are required to verify the roles of individual nutrients and antioxidant-based therapy, specifically through antioxidants-rich food in combating the onset and development of oxidative stress-related pathologies. Moreover, it is worth exploring bioactive compounds from natural sources and elucidating genetic testing with dietary interventions, and elucidating the crosstalk between host antioxidant status and gut microbiota composition are key areas of investigation.