There is an increased consciousness regionally and globally in production and use of healing plants in addition to edible plants (non-agricultural and non-horticultural plants). These plants are collected wild without knowing the contamination levels in soil and ground water. Agrotechnology is not known for many of these plants. Several of the bioactive molecules and nutraceuticals act as: adaptogen, anticancer, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, bioavailability enhancers, brain tonics, antiasthmatic, antihypertensive, antiulcer, antiurolithiatic, hepatoprotective, carminative, stomachic, and purgative. Safety (undisclosed toxic contaminants), efficacy, affordability, availability of bioactive molecules and nutraceuticals as per consumer choice, promising plant products for the treatments for major diseases such as HIV/Malaria/TB/Cancer/Diabetes, etc., are major subjects of investigation. Analytical instrumentation is required for species-selective analysis for trace elements. If phytopharmaceuticals are to be regarded as rational drugs, they need to be standardized and pharmaceutical quality has to be approved by recognized agencies. Therefore, this chapter would focus prominent lacunae in quality control and quality assurance related to trace elements in healing and edible plants. This chapter will shed light upon the criteria of quality assurance and quality control of phytomedicines.