With the widespread adoption of mobile devices and advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), AI-driven mobile fitness applications (MFAs) have become a part of everyday life for many individuals. Existing research has not thoroughly examined how AI-powered mobile fitness applications (MFAs) influence users’ achievement of their goals. We conducted a systematic review to assess the effects of AI-powered mobile fitness applications (MFAs) on achieving fitness goals. Our methodology included a standardized search across four leading scientific databases, with filters applied for language and type of article. This research focused on the methods, research questions, and applications. Drawing on the systematic literature review (SLR), this paper provides a comprehensive demonstration of the application of AI to different goal types and outcomes. Challenges and opportunities are also identified in this research.