Modern day hepatic artery infusion pumps trace their origins to the 1950s. The journey was marked by a series of incremental improvements, including optimization of surgical technique, which began with external pumps and ultimately culminated in an implantable device powered by vapor pressure in 1980. Today, surgeons interested in liver regional therapy for cancer implant pumps of two general types. The first type is non-programmable, constant flow pumps that use the pressure applied on the collapsible central drug-containing compartment. The second type of modern pump is programmable electronic motor-driven pumps that allow for variable flow rates.