This chapter explores the intricate relationship between climate change and Lessepsian migration to the Mediterranean region, shedding light on the implications for biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics. The construction of the Suez Canal in 1869 initiated a significant transformation, facilitating the exchange of marine species between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean, a phenomenon known as Lessepsian migration. Climate change, characterized by escalating warming trends, further amplifies this migration process. Rising sea surface temperatures, attributed to climate change, create more hospitable conditions for thermophilic species originating from the Red Sea to migrate and establish themselves in the Mediterranean. Consequently, there is an increased likelihood of species introductions and range expansions, altering the composition and distribution of marine biodiversity in the region. Furthermore, climate-induced changes in ocean currents and circulation patterns play a crucial role in facilitating the dispersal of Lessepsian species, augmenting their colonization success in the Mediterranean. This dynamic interaction between climate change and Lessepsian migration poses significant challenges for ecosystem management, as invasive species introductions can disrupt native ecosystems and biodiversity. Understanding the complex interplay between climate change and Lessepsian migration is paramount for developing effective management strategies to mitigate the impacts of invasive species and safeguard the ecological integrity of the Mediterranean Sea. This chapter aims to provide insights into these interconnected processes, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the implications of climate change for marine biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics in the Mediterranean.