Enzymes Technology in Biofuel Production

Biofuels are organic materials that can effectively replace fossil fuels to protect the environment. Various biofuels, including biodiesel, biohydrogen, bioethanol, and biogas, are produced today through specific production pathways. The production of these different biofuels depends on enzymes, either for the pretreatment of feedstock or as essential components of the synthesis process; the mode of action of these enzymes determines the feasibility and efficiency of the process. Commercializing biofuels from variable biomass has certain limitations related to the enzymes involved. Appropriate comprehension of the method of action offers answers for both breakthroughs and restrictions. Using genetic engineering techniques opens up new possibilities for advancement and makes the enzymatic process more affordable. The review addressed the state of enzymes in biofuel production processes today and relevant advancements in research and development.