Open Innovation: A University-Centered Model.

The purpose of this research is to develop a model that facilitates the implementation of open innovation (OI) within the university context. To achieve this, a thorough review of 67 articles from the Scopus database was conducted, aiming to identify aspects related to OI, collaboration networks, knowledge generation, and practices associated with open innovation. Through this analysis, the fundamental elements for the conception of the model were identified, defining both its structure and the detailed description of each component. The results obtained reveal that the innovative characteristics present in university institutions foster close collaboration between the government and businesses. This collaboration translates into successful outcomes in the field of innovation, thanks to the implementation of collaboration networks, a conducive development environment, as well as the generation and transfer of knowledge, and the application of open innovation practices. These elements contribute to obtaining services, products, intellectual property, and patents. The proposed model provides universities with a guide for the effective implementation of open innovation, highlighting human capital as one of the fundamental pillars. It is worth noting that this model is adaptable and can be applied in any university. Furthermore, its foundation in a thorough literature review provides reliability and support to the model.