Ice storms, caused be severe freezing rains and drizzles, are among the major weather hazards in winter. They influence seriously the air and ground traffic, disturb and even interrupt the distribution of electricity by snapping power lines or by bringing to standstill the production from wind farms. Different regions around the world are affected by these phenomena. Most frequently they are observed in mid-latitude regions in Canada, USA and Finland but even is some southern regions of Europe like Bulgaria. Although such severe events are relatively rare, they cause some of the highest damage costs per event. Freezing precipitation events in Bulgaria are also not very often observed but they can be surprisingly severe and the damages are comparable to that ones in Canada and USA. The most affected regions are in the north and especially in the northeastern part of the country. This severity is determined by the simultaneous influence of two factors – deep Mediterranean cyclone, passing south of the country, and a strong cold advection from north or northeast. Main goal of this investigation is to thoroughly reveal all important and temporal characteristics of the freezing rain, freezing drizzle and ice pellets in Bulgaria, which includes frequency of appearance, number of cases and intensity of the process and spatial extend, as well as the accompanying meteorological elements such as air temperature, wind speed and direction. For this purpose we have used data from 38 meteorological station for the period 1991–2020.

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Climatology of Freezing Precipitation in Bulgaria—Preliminary Results

  • Dimitar Nikolov,
  • Tzvetan Dimitrov,
  • Tania Marinova,
  • Radoslav Evgeniev

摘要

Ice storms, caused be severe freezing rains and drizzles, are among the major weather hazards in winter. They influence seriously the air and ground traffic, disturb and even interrupt the distribution of electricity by snapping power lines or by bringing to standstill the production from wind farms. Different regions around the world are affected by these phenomena. Most frequently they are observed in mid-latitude regions in Canada, USA and Finland but even is some southern regions of Europe like Bulgaria. Although such severe events are relatively rare, they cause some of the highest damage costs per event. Freezing precipitation events in Bulgaria are also not very often observed but they can be surprisingly severe and the damages are comparable to that ones in Canada and USA. The most affected regions are in the north and especially in the northeastern part of the country. This severity is determined by the simultaneous influence of two factors – deep Mediterranean cyclone, passing south of the country, and a strong cold advection from north or northeast. Main goal of this investigation is to thoroughly reveal all important and temporal characteristics of the freezing rain, freezing drizzle and ice pellets in Bulgaria, which includes frequency of appearance, number of cases and intensity of the process and spatial extend, as well as the accompanying meteorological elements such as air temperature, wind speed and direction. For this purpose we have used data from 38 meteorological station for the period 1991–2020.