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In the past 30 years, the scientific community has shown a growing interest in creating models of the Earth's magnetic field. This interest can be explained by the large amounts of data collected from satellite missions. On the contrary, acquiring spatial data for a particular area using repeat station networks and geomagnetic measurements is gradually disappearing, although it is a reliable and well-established technique widely used in the near past. Nowadays, new technologies can quickly and accurately model even regional changes in the geomagnetic field. However, this study underscores the importance of assessing the reliability of these models by comparing their data with actual measurements taken in Bulgaria between 2018–2022. The data from low-orbit satellites and crystalline sources, which can cover vast areas, may cause a blurring effect, hence the crucial need for comparison with actual measurements. A secular network was established in Bulgaria as early as 1934 and continues to be operational today. This enduring network provides researchers with a unique opportunity to study the secular variation of the geomagnetic field in the country and analyze the accuracy of both regional and global models. In 2023, a four-year comprehensive measurement of the geomagnetic field in Bulgaria was completed under the auspices of the Military Geographical Service of the Ministry of Defense, with the support of the Geomagnetic Observatory Panagjurishte. This survey involved the re-measurement of over 400 points that were initially surveyed back in 1980, providing a unique opportunity for a comparative analysis of the geomagnetic field over a significant period. The data processed and reduced to epoch 2020.0 are compared to the regional and global IGRF13 and EMM models to assess their accuracy for regional field survey applications. Results show that the regional BulGRF model succeeds in reproducing to some extent the values obtained from the real measurements. EMM fails to predict the local declination distribution, but the magnitudes of H and Z produce very reasonable results. IGRF performs well in angular and magnitude estimates, providing close to real values and similar patterns.

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Geomagnetic Models Versus Real Measurements—An Example from the Bulgarian Territory

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Metodi Metodiev,
  • Petya Trifonova,
  • Ivaylo Radev

摘要

In the past 30 years, the scientific community has shown a growing interest in creating models of the Earth's magnetic field. This interest can be explained by the large amounts of data collected from satellite missions. On the contrary, acquiring spatial data for a particular area using repeat station networks and geomagnetic measurements is gradually disappearing, although it is a reliable and well-established technique widely used in the near past. Nowadays, new technologies can quickly and accurately model even regional changes in the geomagnetic field. However, this study underscores the importance of assessing the reliability of these models by comparing their data with actual measurements taken in Bulgaria between 2018–2022. The data from low-orbit satellites and crystalline sources, which can cover vast areas, may cause a blurring effect, hence the crucial need for comparison with actual measurements. A secular network was established in Bulgaria as early as 1934 and continues to be operational today. This enduring network provides researchers with a unique opportunity to study the secular variation of the geomagnetic field in the country and analyze the accuracy of both regional and global models. In 2023, a four-year comprehensive measurement of the geomagnetic field in Bulgaria was completed under the auspices of the Military Geographical Service of the Ministry of Defense, with the support of the Geomagnetic Observatory Panagjurishte. This survey involved the re-measurement of over 400 points that were initially surveyed back in 1980, providing a unique opportunity for a comparative analysis of the geomagnetic field over a significant period. The data processed and reduced to epoch 2020.0 are compared to the regional and global IGRF13 and EMM models to assess their accuracy for regional field survey applications. Results show that the regional BulGRF model succeeds in reproducing to some extent the values obtained from the real measurements. EMM fails to predict the local declination distribution, but the magnitudes of H and Z produce very reasonable results. IGRF performs well in angular and magnitude estimates, providing close to real values and similar patterns.