Applications of Microbial Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Organic Pollutants in Water

Water pollution, driven by organic compounds, represents an escalating global concern due to its adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. This chapter delves into the multifaceted challenges emanating from anthropogenic activities that introduce organic contaminants into aquatic environments. It underscores the imperative need for innovative sensor technologies to combat this issue, focusing on the promising domain of microbial-based electrochemical sensors. The chapter unravels the intricate mechanisms and undeniable advantages of microbial electrochemical biosensors in the meticulous detection and quantification of organic water pollutants. It comprehensively outlines diverse applications of these biosensors, ranging from their pivotal role in wastewater management to their exceptional proficiency in monitoring specific organic pollutants like volatile organic compounds. However, this narrative does not shy away from confronting the limitations faced by microbial-based electrochemical sensors. It places a spotlight on strategies designed to bolster sensitivity, selectivity, and sustainability. Furthermore, the chapter propels readers into the realm of cutting-edge trends within biosensor technology. It elucidates the transformative potential of nanomaterials and data analytics in refining biosensor performance. Moreover, it accentuates the importance of regulatory frameworks and standardization protocols in ensuring the robust and widespread adoption of biosensors within the realm of environmental monitoring. As the global community grapples with the escalating challenges posed by water pollution, this chapter offers an insightful and optimistic perspective on the role of microbial-based electrochemical sensors in mitigating the threat. It invites readers to embark on a journey through the dynamic landscape of biosensor innovation and research, ultimately advocating for a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future.