Introduction

Is it possible to define the human female and the human male? How does being a male or female relate to being a man or a woman? In short, can we define human sexual difference with clarity and consistency? And how do we do so? For many, answers to these questions are now and always have been clear. Their confusion in reference to sexual difference regards why there is any confusion: Human beings appear to have been reliably determining the sex of their offspring for as long as memory stretches into the past. Why has what seemed evident for so long now become a source of controversy and perplexity?