Improvement of the LEACH Protocol by Acting on the Number of Rounds

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of sensor nodes deployed randomly over a vast area to detect and monitor various parameters related to physical phenomena. These nodes perform various tasks such as signal capture, data processing, communication, and connectivity. Equipped with limited and non-replaceable energy sources, typically batteries, these nodes are responsible for processing data and transmitting captured data to the base station through relay nodes (CH). Designing routing protocols for WSNs makes significant contributions to improving the performance of Wireless Sensor Networks and extending their lifespan. The objective of this study is to define and evaluate a new hierarchical routing approach called NRF-LEACH based on the randomize LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) algorithm. Our proposal allows us to extend the network lifetime by saving the energy consumed by the naive execution of the LEACH algorithm.