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Faced with potential disruptions in the primary electricity grid stemming from technical malfunctions or extreme weather events like storms and forest fires, we present a solution in the form of an electric micro-grid. These networks are outfitted with an array of resources including solar panels, storage batteries, and diesel generators. Our goal in this paper is to implement an effective control strategy that minimizes reliance on diesel-generated energy and maximizes the utilization of renewable sources when the micro-grid is detached from the main network for maintenance purposes. The problem is solved using the mathematical formalization of optimal control based on the Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP). PMP is used to address the optimal energy management problem where the batteries are represented by an equivalent circuit model. A semi-empirical model is proposed to evaluate battery degradation under the resulting optimal control. Simulations on MATLAB prove the viability of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate a significant 13% reduction in fuel consumption, coupled with a notably improved battery performance.

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Control Optimization of an Isolated Micro-grid Using Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Safaa Mimi,
  • Yann Ben Maissa,
  • Ahmed Tamtaoui

摘要

Faced with potential disruptions in the primary electricity grid stemming from technical malfunctions or extreme weather events like storms and forest fires, we present a solution in the form of an electric micro-grid. These networks are outfitted with an array of resources including solar panels, storage batteries, and diesel generators. Our goal in this paper is to implement an effective control strategy that minimizes reliance on diesel-generated energy and maximizes the utilization of renewable sources when the micro-grid is detached from the main network for maintenance purposes. The problem is solved using the mathematical formalization of optimal control based on the Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP). PMP is used to address the optimal energy management problem where the batteries are represented by an equivalent circuit model. A semi-empirical model is proposed to evaluate battery degradation under the resulting optimal control. Simulations on MATLAB prove the viability of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate a significant 13% reduction in fuel consumption, coupled with a notably improved battery performance.