The Impact of Different Modes of Radiofrequency–Electromagnetic Field Emitted by Cell Phones on Uterine Contractions of Wistar Rat Ex Vivo
摘要
As reported lastly, infertility increased in the last decade, reaching 17.5% with higher risk of miscarriage of pregnant women, highlighting the risk factor of the exposure to Radiofrequency–Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF), including 4G and 5G. The main of our work is to show the effect of different sources of RF-EMF emitted from mobile phones (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 4G), directly on an isolated uterus (myometrium) of female Wistar rats as animal model, ex vivo. Indeed, 18 virgin adult rats (3 for each group) are included, isolating their myometrium incubated ex vivo in physiological solution and exposed to cell phone directly using one of 6 modes depending on the group: Control (shut-down mode of mobile phone, considered as control with no EMF); BM (Bluetooth mode); WF (Wi-Fi mode); 4G; AM1 (Airplane mode); and AM2 (AM repeated as reference). The duration of exposure to RF-EMF was fixed at 30 min, while analyzing the myometrium contraction. As a result, there is an increase in amplitude and a decrease in frequency of myometrium contractions in 4G (2400 MHz) compared to Control, by 0.06% and 30%, respectively, showing the most significant variations compared to the other groups. On the other hand, even AM1 and AM2 showed an impact on myometrium contractions versus control. Those results showed an unexpected effect of the Airplane Mode while 4G still showed the most destabilizing mode of myometrium contractions with possible negative impact on pregnancy. Thus, it is crucial to re-evaluate the limit of RF-EMF which is needed to be established with more studies.