Literary Adaptation on Turkish Television: The Interplay of Commerciality, Nationality, and Culture in Adapting Canonical Texts
摘要
Focusing on adaptation in Turkish television productions, called dizis, this chapter takes as its center Aşk-ı Memnu (Forbidden Love, 2008–2010), a dizi whose original source text is Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil’s (serialized) fiction that appeared in the Servet-i Fünun literary magazine between 1899–1900. Even after a decade of its finale, Aşk-ı Memnu is still one of the most widely and repeatedly consumed dizis, with multiple transnational remakes and continued fandom both in and outside Türkiye. Considering Aşk-ı Memnu in its adaptive context, the chapter argues that literary adaptation in dizi emerges where multiple discourses—commercial, cultural, and national—intersect. It begins by introducing the history of dizi production. The chapter gives exposition to dizi’s general tendencies and the industrial milieu that has set the stage for how its hub of activity, İstanbul (and its seascape), would appear in twenty-first-century dizi. This is followed by a more expansive discussion on how dizi attends to local hyper-familiarity with Turkish literary classics. Although commercial logic is seemingly at the heart of television adaptation, other factors are at play, too. As Aşk-ı Memnu—a dizi with multiple adaptive interests—profoundly demonstrates, adaptation in dizi is in dialogue with notions such as cultural status and national pride. This is indicated through the source text’s and Uşaklıgil’s place in Turkish literature and the Turkish national education system. Also, dizi’s relationship to its cinematic predecessor and its cinematic contemporary is explicated. Furthermore, the chapter elucidates how the dizi loosely updates the original premise of the source material while elaborating on the Bosporus as a national aesthetic element on screen. It concludes with a note on the dynamic between adaptation in dizi and cultural affinity.