The Role of IoT-Based Models in Environmental Research and Sustainability

The twenty-first century has seen substantial environmental repercussions due to many factors, such as rapid industrialization, urbanization, and increased consumption of fossil fuels. These have resulted in environmental issues such as climate change, loss of biodiversity, air and water pollution, and habitat degradation. Such challenges created an alarming situation in adopting an appropriate monitoring system for a sustainable environment. The evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) and modern sensors represent new avenues for environmental study and sustainability. This chapter deals with the IoT-based ecological research and sustainability model, which offers a holistic approach to monitoring and managing different parameters like air quality, water quality, ecosystem monitoring, precision agriculture, wildlife conservation, disaster management, climate change, etc. The chapter will also highlight the systemic way to utilize IoT-based technologies without affecting environmental sustainability.