A Geography of Ecosocialism

The geographical distribution of ecosocialism can furnish hints about which social contexts are more receptive. Ecosocialist formations or groupings exist primarily in parts of Europe and the Americas, along with South Africa, Australia, and the Philippines. An assessment of ecosocialism’s potential relationship with Pan-Africanism is also included. Only state institutions in Bolivarian Venezuela feature ecosocialism as part of policy. Otherwise, ecosocialists are present on the fringes of Green, Leftist anti-capitalist, or social democratic parties, or take part of loose, often international affinity groups. Regarding the latter, special attention is given to the Fourth International, who has adopted an ecosocialist platform. Details about the relative political reach and associated accomplishments are discussed.