Contextualizing AI

Discussions about AI abound. Debate rages, accordingly, about how to resolve numerous technical challenges and move the development of AI forward. However, the application of AI has pushed the discussion beyond technical devices and their possible uses. For example, critics have begun to recognize that AI can be quite alienating (Dreyfus 1992; Ritzer 1993; Kellogg et al. 2020; Vredenburgh 2022). Workers at Amazon have provided an interesting case study. While blaming AI, they claim to be overworked and do not stay employed for long. They complain regularly about manipulation, stress, job insecurity, and so on. Simply put, AI is not viewed to be their friend (Livingstone 2018; Vicent 2019).