Within the realm of criminal litigation, the use of voiceprints as evidence poses a unique challenge in terms of both their strength and validity, while also considering the delicate balance between an individual’s right to privacy and the need to maintain the confidentiality of communications. To address this issue, researchers conducted a comprehensive study that was divided into two parts. The first part delves into the role of modern audio technologies in criminal evidence, providing a detailed explanation of voiceprints and examining the legal and jurisprudential perspectives on their admissibility in criminal cases. Moving on to the second part, the study focuses on elucidating the limitations imposed on public prosecution when it comes to obtaining voiceprint evidence, taking into account both technical and legal constraints. Ultimately, the study concludes with several noteworthy findings, one of which highlights the admissibility of voiceprints as evidence in criminal litigation, as long as they are obtained in accordance with legal requirements by the public prosecution. Additionally, the study offers recommendations, including the suggestion to amend penal and criminal procedural laws to explicitly recognize voiceprints as effective evidence in supporting criminal claims.