Public Administration Reengineered Applying AI Models Towards Precision Governance
摘要
The PA’s transition towards the implementation of automation tools, digital solutions and the use of artificial intelligence algorithms is progressively eroding the traditional public model. The definition of an organisational model consistent with such technological innovations is held back by the removal of the role of the Algorithm and by cultural barriers such as the formal-hierarchical ecosystem placed as a guarantee of the citizen towards the authority, as well as by the disruptive and exponential progress of artificial intelligence techniques that continuously move the horizon of a final model forward. This paper intends to contribute to the modelling of an organisational system designed on the basis of artificial intelligence (AI) and web 3.0 technologies and data science to build, from digital services and digital administrative procedure, a decision-making process in local government that maximises efficiency and public value, realising precision government. Starting from the bottom, from digital administrative processes and re-engineering of the organisational structure, we can focus on a transition model to implement digital technologies. For a true digital transformation, which maximises artificial intelligence technologies in a new administrative paradigm, it is instead necessary to holistically rethink the public model starting from native digital services, to then design coherent procedures and an organisation that is sensitive and adaptive to the PA’s programmatic objectives. Without accepting the role of the machine and recognising to the artificial intelligence algorithm a strategic role in assisting and implementing public choices, the transition will be severely limited. AI techniques can help us instead to build, from the organisation of structures, a new administrative capacity to read society. The paper, starting from the existing literature, illustrates the background and the traditional model of public administration and reports the case of the digitisation of the Urban Planning sector of the Municipality of Reggio Calabria, a city in Southern Italy, with the trade-off in terms of productivity. A path is indicated for the realisation of an intermediate model of transition towards an entirely digital paradigm that, starting from data, redesigns the organisational structure and builds a dematerialised, data-driven, effective and therefore accurate public decision-making and administrative action.