The Way Forward

This Chapter draws on the previous Chapters to explore strategies and pathways to advance sustainable development  through the intricate landscape of International Investment Law. First, it underscores the urgent need for reform in International Investment Agreements (IIAs) to better align with sustainable development objectives, emphasizing the importance of enhancing provisions that promote environmental protection, public health, and social welfare. Moving forward, it navigates the interpretation of IIAs within the context of sustainable development. It analyzes how arbitral tribunals approach and apply treaty provisions to balance investors’ rights with States’ regulatory prerogatives and public policy objectives. Lastly, it examines the background and qualifications of arbitrators assigned with resolving investment disputes, emphasizing the significance of diverse expertise and perspectives for ensuring fair and impartial decision-making. By addressing these key areas, this Chapter aims to offer insights and actionable recommendations for enhancing the role of International Investment Law in advancing sustainable development agendas, ultimately contributing to closing the gap between economic growth and environmental and social well-being.