Sources of Nerve Supply to the Vessels of the Extremities and Peculiarities of the Deep Vessels of the Lower Limb Innervation

The complete interruption of the limb spinal nerves is usually accompanied by vasomotor disorders documenting that the vascular nerves pass to their target vessels in the configuration of the spinal nerves. The organ vessels of the abdominal cavity, retroperitoneal space, and pelvis are innervated from the sympathetic plexuses and the head vessels from the sympathetic, spinal, and cranial nerves. The upper limb vessels receive the innervation mainly from the median, ulnar, and musculocutaneous nerve, whereas those on the lower limb receive innervation from the saphenous and sciatic nerves. Vascular nerves innervate arteries and veins, but the branches innervating arteries are more numerous. Anastomoses and variations between them influence the development and course of the pathological processes in the affected region. The number of sources for the lower limb vessel innervation differs. Usually, the saphenous, tibial, and deep peroneal nerves are involved. But the obturator, lateral cutaneous, and ilioinguinal nerves can also sometimes take part.