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Blockchain is a distributed digital ledger with tamper-proof and privacy-preserving features. However, its use of fully replicated data storage mechanism results in high storage cost and poor scalability. This paper proposes a consortium chain encoding technique based on LT code and an LT code dual-fault-tolerant stripping decoder scheme. By combining LT code block encoding technology, the storage costs for nodes can be effectively reduced, and the dual-fault-tolerant stripping decoder scheme ensures that newly joined nodes can safely recover the complete transaction history. We simulated the proposed solution in this paper with node numbers of 20, 40, 80, 100, 200, and 300, and compared the encoding time at the same storage optimization cost with the existing popular blockchain ledger Reed-Solomon (RS) code encoding technique. We also simulated the decoding time of the proposed LT code dual-fault-tolerant stripping decoder and the RS code decoding technique in the presence of different numbers of malicious nodes interference, in order to compare their ability to securely recover the ledger. Finally, we compared the minimum number of encoding blocks required for decoding in both schemes. The results indicate that the encoding and decoding time of the RS code scheme almost linearly increase, while the proposed solution exhibits a generally flat and slow growth. Therefore, both encoding and decoding in the proposed solution are superior to the RS code scheme. In terms of the minimum number of encoding blocks required for decoding, the proposed solution requires slightly more blocks than the RS code encoding scheme. However, in the RS code scheme, the dynamic addition or removal of nodes causes other nodes in the blockchain network to perform re-encoding, that increases the bandwidth of the blockchain network. Therefore, the proposed solution effectively improves the accuracy of node recovery in the ledger, maintains the ledger’s security in the consortium blockchain network, and enhances the scalability of the consortium blockchain network.

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Consortium Blockchain Storage Optimization Based on Fountain Codes

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Jianhong Li,
  • Qi Chen,
  • Xianmin Wang,
  • Guoyu Yang,
  • Zihan Jiang,
  • Teng Huang,
  • Li Hu

摘要

Blockchain is a distributed digital ledger with tamper-proof and privacy-preserving features. However, its use of fully replicated data storage mechanism results in high storage cost and poor scalability. This paper proposes a consortium chain encoding technique based on LT code and an LT code dual-fault-tolerant stripping decoder scheme. By combining LT code block encoding technology, the storage costs for nodes can be effectively reduced, and the dual-fault-tolerant stripping decoder scheme ensures that newly joined nodes can safely recover the complete transaction history. We simulated the proposed solution in this paper with node numbers of 20, 40, 80, 100, 200, and 300, and compared the encoding time at the same storage optimization cost with the existing popular blockchain ledger Reed-Solomon (RS) code encoding technique. We also simulated the decoding time of the proposed LT code dual-fault-tolerant stripping decoder and the RS code decoding technique in the presence of different numbers of malicious nodes interference, in order to compare their ability to securely recover the ledger. Finally, we compared the minimum number of encoding blocks required for decoding in both schemes. The results indicate that the encoding and decoding time of the RS code scheme almost linearly increase, while the proposed solution exhibits a generally flat and slow growth. Therefore, both encoding and decoding in the proposed solution are superior to the RS code scheme. In terms of the minimum number of encoding blocks required for decoding, the proposed solution requires slightly more blocks than the RS code encoding scheme. However, in the RS code scheme, the dynamic addition or removal of nodes causes other nodes in the blockchain network to perform re-encoding, that increases the bandwidth of the blockchain network. Therefore, the proposed solution effectively improves the accuracy of node recovery in the ledger, maintains the ledger’s security in the consortium blockchain network, and enhances the scalability of the consortium blockchain network.