Ethno-Medicinal Wealth and Its Conservation in Niti Valley, Nanda Devi Biosphere, Western Himalaya

The escalating demand for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) poses significant threats to the biodiversity of high-altitude areas. The Niti Valley, a cold-arid and buffer zone of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, is well known due to its remoteness and medicinal and ethno-botanical diversity. In this study, a comprehensive survey using a data collection framework provided insights on the valley’s medicinal plant richness, usage, and conservation status. The study revealed a total of 72 MAPs belonging to 58 genera under 31 families that are locally utilized for consumption and curing at least 24 different human ailments. Of these species, 63% are in trade and locally consumed, highlighting the pressure on these valuable resources. Ethno-botanical analysis of studied species identified utilization of plant resources by Bhotiyas for various ailments, showcasing the cultural significance in traditional healthcare practices. This study underscores the need to protect the invaluable plant species and preserve the traditional knowledge held by local communities in the face of increasing demand and environmental threats.