Introduction to Arctic Marine Ecotoxicology

This chapter provides a comprehensive examination of climate change and the Arctic marine environments, elucidating the distinctive attributes of the susceptible environment and the leading environmental stressors. Arctic marine environments are characterized by extreme cold temperatures, limited sunlight, and a complex interplay of physical, chemical, and biological factors. These environments are particularly vulnerable to climate change, with rapidly melting sea ice, shifting ocean currents, and alterations in nutrient availability posing significant challenges to the delicate balance of these ecosystems. This chapter further defines ecotoxicology and its relevance in the Arctic that harbors a diverse array of species specially adapted to the harsh conditions, including iconic species such as polar bears, walruses, and various species of seals. It gives an overview of climate change and pollution in the Arctic. Understanding the intricacies of Arctic marine ecosystems is crucial for informing conservation efforts and mitigating the impacts of anthropogenic activities on these fragile environments. On a final note, this chapter concludes with the purpose and structure of the book.