Ineffective, Bullying Leaders
摘要
This chapter describes leaders who are ineffective as supervisors and who can also be bullies to their subordinates. They can also be described as sub-toxic, as their behavior does not rise to the level of toxic leader. These leaders do have some empathy which keeps them from being more harmful. These leaders have poor outcomes for their subordinates. Bullying direct and indirect costs are over $40 billion annually to U.S. organizations (Porter et al., Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal 30:119–141, 2018).