Meningioma Displacing the Optic Chiasm

This case report explores the impact of a slow-growing meningioma on the visual pathway, emphasizing the gradual ocular manifestations associated with optic nerve compression. Meningiomas, originating from the meninges, are common intracranial tumors that, despite their typically benign nature, can affect the visual system. The study presents the case of a 48-year-old male who initially complained of glare in both eyes. Over 2 months, the patient’s visual acuity declined significantly, prompting further examination. Clinical assessments revealed a relative afferent pupillary defect, visual field constrictions, and a homogenously enhanced subfrontal extra-axial mass lesion. Following neurosurgical intervention and tumor resection, the patient experienced marked improvement in vision. The case underscores the importance of understanding the intricate connections between the visual and pupillary pathways, emphasizing the role of the optic nerve, chiasm, and associated structures in both conscious visual perception and the pupillary light reflex. Additionally, it highlights the significance of recognizing visual field defects as diagnostic clues for space-occupying lesions, aiding in the timely identification and management of such conditions. The comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s visual and pupillary pathways provides valuable insights into the ophthalmic implications of meningiomas and similar lesions affecting the visual system.