The EU is still dealing with the geopolitical shockwaves from the February 2022 unprovoked Russian aggression on Ukraine. The decision to grant candidate status to three of the EU’s Eastern partners calls for a complete overhaul of the both the EU’s Eastern Partnership and the EU’s enlargement policy. In that context, the future of resilience as a key concept in the EU’s approach toward its Eastern neighbors and of EU foreign policy appears under question. This contribution has as main arguments that while the concept of resilience proved useful in the discussion on EU foreign policy before the unprovoked Russian aggression in Ukraine, it may show its limits when defining both the EU’s transformative ambitions as a part of its enlargement policy objectives and the new EU identity as international actor. In other words, this article does not discuss the concept of resilience per se, but rather proposes a discussion of its policy implications in light of the changes that Russia’s unprovoked aggression in Ukraine has brought to the Eastern Partnership and to the EU enlargement policy.