This chapter explores the genetic underpinnings of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), examining various aspects from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to pharmacogenetics. It delves into the role of alcohol metabolizing genes like alcohol dehydrogenases and aldehyde dehydrogenase, shedding light on how variations in these genes affect alcohol metabolism and susceptibility to AUD. Additionally, it discusses genes associated with the monoamine neurotransmitter system, particularly serotonin and dopamine, as well as those within the Dynorphin Kappa Opioid Receptor System, the Endocannabinoid system and synaptic plasticity genes, elucidating their contributions to alcohol dependence(AD) susceptibility and severity. Finally, this review explores pharmacogenetics, discussing how genetic variations influence individual responses to pharmacological treatments for AUD. Through these investigations, the complex interplay between genetics and AUD susceptibility is illuminated, offering insights for potential interventions and personalized treatment approaches.