Asthma, a widespread chronic condition in childhood and adolescence, impacts millions globally. This chapter delves into its psychological ramifications on these age groups, recognizing effects beyond physical symptoms, encompassing quality of life and emotional development. Scientific interest in its incidence during these stages stems from both respiratory and psychological implications. Asthma not only affects individual health but also disrupts social and educational life, straining academic and interpersonal relationships. A current emphasis on a biopsychosocial approach underscores the need for comprehensive asthma management. Children and adolescents with asthma may face heightened anxiety, depression, and stress, affecting disease progression and treatment response. The chapter examines risk factors, notably the association between asthma and anxiety/depression disorders. Additionally, it explores the link between asthma and behavioral issues, highlighting the perception of disease threat in affected children. Recognizing emotional and cognitive factors in disease management is crucial. Protective factors like self-esteem, resilience, coping skills, and social/family support are identified, influencing positive adaptation, treatment adherence, and emotional well-being. In conclusion, the chapter advocates for a holistic strategy, integrating physical and psychosocial elements to enhance the overall quality of life for this vulnerable demographic.