Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights

Technology is dominant in various aspects of our lives and has developed rapidly over the past few years. AI is one form of technology that people use vastly for their work, from mundane to complicated. The use of AI is beneficial for us, and we enjoy the simplification of tasks by it. However, beyond this enjoyment of AI are the substantial issues that could turn it into the complete tragedy of AI. This chapter explores the significant impact of AI on human rights, focusing on surveillance, privacy, jobs, and discrimination. AI enables extensive data collection and analysis, leading to algorithmic surveillance that threatens privacy and freedom of expression and can result in discrimination and biases, particularly against vulnerable groups. It highlights the risks of AI on privacy, with vast amounts of personal data often collected without consent, and the dangers posed by generative AI regarding data misuse. It addresses the impact of AI on jobs, noting the risk of job displacement and the perpetuation of biases in hiring and monitoring. The potential for AI to reinforce social inequalities and discrimination is examined, emphasizing preventive measures. Further, this chapter concludes with the responsibilities of states and corporations under international human rights law, focusing on the AI Act’s new obligations for transparency, accountability, and human oversight to ensure ethical AI use.