Failure and “Fracture” of Viscous Fluids

Soft materials, especially soft biological tissues, interact with fluids. For example, blood circulation in cardiovascular system is a typical problem of fluid-structure interaction. Very often, the Navier-Stokes constitutive model is chosen to describe the fluid flow. However, the use of the Navier-Stokes modelNavier-Stokes model restricts consideration of the transition from laminar to turbulent flows by kinematic instabilities only.