The Role of Epigenetic Variation in Plant Adaptation

Epigenetic variation exhibits a dual system for achieving adaptation outcomes. While most changes have short-term effects, some have shown to persist across generations, shaping heritable traits. These transient responses provide a first line for flexible adaptability, while stable epigenetic modifications, which can be transmitted across generations, enhance the organism’s ability to cope with recurring or prolonged stress. The transmission of epigenetic marks or “epialleles” enriches the organism’s adaptive potential. The remarkable stability and heritable nature of some epialleles allow for the transmission of acquired traits across generations.