Certain metals when crossing their concentration consumption limit are considered toxic metals. Most of the metals are required in a limited range by living organisms. With rapid increase in anthropogenic sources use and discharge of toxic metals have also increased. This discharge occurs mostly in water streams and soil areas. When soil is cultivated then these metals accumulate in the soil, results in their transmission into various cultivated plant species. Consumption of these plants becomes dangerous to animals and humans health, and causes various diseases that lead towards even death. To save life on earth environment-friendly and natural ways to treat these toxic metals are of utmost concern. Hence it is now mandatory to find ways to clean soil from toxic contaminants that may accumulate in it and translocate into plant species to enter in food chain. Biochar being organic and natural is safe to use for removal of toxicants from soil. Even it acts as fertilizer for soil plants production. Methods for the synthesis of biochar and temperature greatly influence its surface area, pore sizes, and cation exchange capacities. So, under controlled conditions, biochar with optimized properties is used to treat soil contaminated with toxic metals such as chromium, lead, and cadmium, etc. Bioremediation refers to remediate metals with natural biological resources available as waste in abundance. Conversion of these materials into biochar uplifts their metals decontamination efficiency. The objective of this chapter is to describe the efficiency of biochar for the remediation of various toxic metals spilled in soil.

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Biochar and Its Potential Application in Bioremediation of Toxic Metals Contaminated Soils

  • Tunzeel Iqbal,
  • Fozia Batool

摘要

Certain metals when crossing their concentration consumption limit are considered toxic metals. Most of the metals are required in a limited range by living organisms. With rapid increase in anthropogenic sources use and discharge of toxic metals have also increased. This discharge occurs mostly in water streams and soil areas. When soil is cultivated then these metals accumulate in the soil, results in their transmission into various cultivated plant species. Consumption of these plants becomes dangerous to animals and humans health, and causes various diseases that lead towards even death. To save life on earth environment-friendly and natural ways to treat these toxic metals are of utmost concern. Hence it is now mandatory to find ways to clean soil from toxic contaminants that may accumulate in it and translocate into plant species to enter in food chain. Biochar being organic and natural is safe to use for removal of toxicants from soil. Even it acts as fertilizer for soil plants production. Methods for the synthesis of biochar and temperature greatly influence its surface area, pore sizes, and cation exchange capacities. So, under controlled conditions, biochar with optimized properties is used to treat soil contaminated with toxic metals such as chromium, lead, and cadmium, etc. Bioremediation refers to remediate metals with natural biological resources available as waste in abundance. Conversion of these materials into biochar uplifts their metals decontamination efficiency. The objective of this chapter is to describe the efficiency of biochar for the remediation of various toxic metals spilled in soil.