Since the mid-1990s, important legal and policy reforms have taken place in Mozambique that have created conditions for community involvement in environmental management. This study aimed to understand the effectiveness of community participation in Natural Resource Management Committees in Mapulanguene, District of Magude, in southern Mozambique, where the creation of the local natural resources management committee in 2007 was preceded by a scenario of overuse of forest resources and poaching. The study used a qualitative approach and participant observation techniques, focus groups, semistructured interviews, and content analysis. The results suggest positive appreciation of the natural resources management model through the Natural Resources Management Committees because it brings people from different social segments to discuss issues of their lives. However, the scope of achievements resulting from community participation is still insufficient, as the communities have little control over the activities carried out by the private sector that develops ecotourism projects at the local level, and the private sector is not part of the Natural Resources Management Committees. It is recommended to review the natural resource management models through the involvement of all interested actors and define the role of each actor in the process.