The Moscow River valley is an actively developed area in Russia within the Moscow agglomeration, where landslide processes are widely developed. There are four main types of landslides here. The greatest hazard for economic activity is large rotational slides. Such landslides differ in size, features of displacement zones and sediments involved in displacement. It was found that landslide massifs formed in different geological conditions have significant differences in internal structure and present-day activity. A detailed study of landslide processes in several areas of the Moscow River valley and its tributaries revealed key features of changes in the internal structure and properties of the main deformable horizons during the development of landslide processes.