A Novel Polycarbonate Urethane Aortic Valve with Computational Fluid-Structure Analysis

Valvular Heath Disease (VHD) resulted from impaired the valvular function is affecting millions of people worldwide. Amid which, the most common valvular heart disease is Aortic stenosis (AS). Untreated AS has a high fatality rate and rely on valve repair and Aortic valve replacement (AVR), which could be done with artificial heart valves, that includes mechanical heart valves and bio-prosthetic heart valves. Mechanical heart valves are highly used, owing to their durability and long life. The most commonly preferred materials in fabricating artificial valves includes Titanium, Polyurethane, Pyrolytic carbon that have complications relating to anticoagulant intake, immune-driven calcification, degradation and biocompatibility issues and thus highlighting the need for production of more durable and effective artificial heart valves. The biomaterial opted in this work for designing artificial valve was Polycarbonate Urethane which has more durability, biocompatibility, biomaterial resistance, and better hemodynamic performance when compared to their materials. In this study, 3D modelling technique was used for optimizing design, to check performance and durability of artificial aortic valves. Solid works and Autodesk Fusion CFD software were utilized for designing and further analysis by considering various parameters such as fluid dynamics, material properties, and fluid to structure interaction. Pressure distributions in fluid flow between valves were analyzed through Finite element analysis (FEA). This study reveals that the aortic valve designed with polycarbonate urethane, which was tested for the parameters such as stress, shear strain and leaflet behavior with FEA and CFD, has significantly better performance compared to the valve made up of traditional materials. Further AI can be integrated to assess patient-specific anatomical factors, such as valve geometry and sizing, enabling precise customization of valves replacement.