China’s gas pipeline network has a huge scale, involving close relationships between upstream, midstream, and downstream links, covering a wide range of fields. Therefore, effective supervision of it is very difficult. Therefore, currently, Chinese natural gas pipeline operation enterprises lack effective management methods from three levels: business, time and space. This article takes the natural gas pipeline network as the research object, comprehensively considers multiple constraints such as stable pipeline flow, node flow balance, node and pipe section pressure, and constructs a mathematical model for optimizing the natural gas pipeline network system. The algorithm optimizes the natural gas pipeline network by integer encoding the pipe diameter and transforming the constraint conditions, utilizing the global optimization function of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) algorithm. The effectiveness and convergence of this method have been demonstrated through the analysis of optimization design examples of gas pipelines (when node number is 15, the pressure of the network pipe before optimization is 0.0125 MPa higher than that after optimization).