The urgent need for sustainable development fuels the rise of the circular economy (CE) as a critical enabler of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the nexus between the CE and technologies has played a significant role in the previous research on the enablers and barriers of CE transition. This systematic literature review (SLR) aims to explore the technological barriers to this process. Employing the PRISMA approach and searching the Scopus database, the thematic review uncovers valuable insights on the technological barriers as technology roadmap components toward the circular transition of businesses. By raising awareness and technological capability gaps of companies regarding CE transition, this study can guide managers, policymakers, and researchers in designing responsive roadmaps and strategies. By unleashing the full potential of CE through technology adoption, the industrial actors can pave the way for a more sustainable future.