Organisation of Screening for Congenital Heart Disease
摘要
Prenatal diagnosisPrenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseaseCongenital heart disease is associated with improved survival and reduced morbidity for some forms of critical congenital heart diseaseCongenital heart disease (CHD). Most population screeningScreening is based on detection of affected fetuses by incorporation of cardiac views in the midtrimester anomaly scanAnomaly scan. This is further refined by first trimesterFirst trimester screeningScreening by methods such as nuchal translucencyNuchal translucency (NT) thickness to detect fetuses at high-risk for CHD who then undergo more detailed assessment. Pregnancies with historic or maternal risk factors CHD such as family history of CHD or maternal diabetes mellitus are typically offered specialist fetal echocardiographyFetal echocardiography rather than relying solely on the midtrimester anomaly scanAnomaly scan. Published recommendations have established not only cardiac referral indicationsReferral indications but also optimal screeningScreening views with a relatively high degree of consistency between published standards. Following a prenatal diagnosisPrenatal diagnosis of CHD, a multidisciplinary team is required to provide appropriate diagnostic and prognostic informationInformation, investigation for associated abnormalities, parental supportSupport and co-ordination of care pathways.