The intersection of Business Process Management (BPM) and Data Management is critical to improve process interoperability effectiveness. This paper provides a literature review on BPM and data-specific challenges that hinder process interoperability. For that purpose, it introduces the concept of Data Contracts to shift metadata that is typically managed in central data catalogues to the business processes that require this information in an encapsulated form. The research methodology consists of a systematic review of established BPM notations as well as of the development of a conceptual framework. The research goals are (1) to assess to which extent the elements of Data Contracts are covered in established BPM notations and (2) to build a foundation for future research on opportunities of BPM-integrated data contracts to improve effectiveness of process interoperability. The findings show that established BPM languages include only a few elements of Data Contracts, such as relationships between data providers and data consumers. In addition, the conceptual framework indicates that Data Contracts are capable of overcoming data-specific challenges in order to improve process interoperability. Among others, the establishment of data standards between subjects could be fostered and costs connected to data processing could be reduced. The article concludes with a discussion on limitations and further research proposals on strategies to integrate and manage Data Contracts and BPM in business practice.