A Review on Natural and Synthetic Polymers Used in the Preparation of Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Faster Wound Healing

Nanofiber scaffolding closely resembles the tangled structure of naturally occurring extracellular templates, which support the development of tissue by offering a natural environment. Because they have a higher surface-to-volume ratio than other types of scaffolds, nanofibrous scaffolds encourage better cellular adhesion and enhance mechanical properties. The mesh-like structure of nanofibrous scaffold may act as a carrier of skin cells as well as can provide prevention against the penetration of microbes. This can also help to maintain the required moisture for the healing of wounds. These nanofibrous meshes can be developed by using several fabricated and naturally occurring polymers. Synthetic polymers are commonly utilized in amalgamation with several other polymers of biological origin (chemically proteins or polysaccharides that help in improving cell colonization and appearance). These meshes can also be incorporated with various therapeutic agents such as vitamins, growth factors, antioxidants, hormones, anticancer and antimicrobial agents, etc. The present study is focused on various fabricated/or natural polymers used in the manufacturing of nanofibrous scaffolds for the promotion of wound healing and some important advances that have been made in this field recently.