Arterial Hypertension and Renal Vessels

Arterial hypertension, a highly prevalent disease in the modern world, is characterized by a complex pathophysiology, closely related to the kidney and its vessels. Nephrosclerosis remains a diagnosis of exclusion and usually appears when the intrinsic renal autoregulatory mechanisms are exceeded. Delving into the complex interplay between renal vessels and arterial hypertension seems to be essential in better understanding and managing patients with hypertension. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system remains the main therapeutic target for patients with hypertensive chronic kidney disease. Sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide analogues, aldosterone synthase inhibitors, and endothelin receptor antagonists are promising drug classes for both blood pressure control and chronic kidney disease progression. Future therapeutic options are currently being studied, especially regarding device therapy.