Motivational Systems for the Understanding of Patient’s Functioning

This chapter explores the concept of motivational systems (MSs) from an evolutionary psychology perspective, detailing their influence on human behaviour, emotion regulation, and interpersonal relationships. Motivational systems are defined as inborn psychobiological frameworks that direct emotions and actions towards adaptive goals. The chapter outlines key motivational systems, including caregiving, competitive/ranking, attachment, and others, and discusses their roles in psychopathology and therapy. Emphasis is placed on the caregiving and competitive systems, explaining their activation, associated emotions, and implications for behaviour. The chapter integrates theoretical insights with clinical applications, aiming to enhance the understanding of patient functioning and therapeutic interventions.