TheAnthropocene and International Political Order AnthropoceneThe Anthropocene and international political order is thusPolitical order far the only epochEarth history epoch in Earth historyEarth history in which humankindHumankind as a “geologicalHumankind as a ‘geological actor’ actorGeological actor” has directly intervened in and thus impacted on the Earth system. In the early twenty-first century two totally different narratives co-exist: The peacePeace and securitySecurity orWar and peace narrative war and peace narrativePeace and security or war and peace narrative and theThe ecological and environmental narrative ecological and environmental narrativeEcological and environmental narrative. This author argues that an integrated analysisIntegrated analysis of both narratives is needed in the social sciences and humanities on peace and security, and in the natural and social sciences on environmental issue areas and ecological concernsEcological concerns in the Anthropocene, the start of which represents both a new epoch in Earth historyEarth history andNew global international order a new global international orderGlobal international order since 1945. Peace and securitySecurity problemsPeace and security problems and environmental issuesEnvironmental issues and ecological concernsEcological concerns are interrelated and must thus be analysed and addressed from a common political strategyCommon political strategy if we are to face and cope with fundamental threats to human historyHistory that are associated with the atomic bombAtomic bomb and the AnthropoceneAnthropocene. This chapter addresses twoThreats for the survival of humankind threats for the survival of humankind: (a)Two threats for the survival of humankind the nuclear threatNuclear threat, the securitySecurity dilemmaSecurity dilemma and the logicLogic of nuclearNuclear deterrence and (b) the impacts of global climateClimate change that create threats to human survival. When the third phase of post-World War II orderThird phase of post-World War II order began is disputed, and the assessments have differed among policy analysts. For the USA, the 9/11 attack by terrorists on its territoryAttack on 9/11 of terrorists on its territory was perceived as the key turning point by which its “war on terrorWar on terror” (especially the War against Iraq and Libya)War against Iraq and Libya was justified. The US and Western use of force in the Balkans (in Bosnia in 1995, and Serbia in 1999) and in the extended Middle East conflictConflict (in AfghanistanAfghanistan in 2001, Iraq in 2003, LibyaLibya in 2011) set a precedent of a unilateral use of force that was not endorsed by the UNSC or theUN Charter UN Charter. The Russian invasion of UkraineUkraine in 2014 and the war against UkraineWar against Ukraine which began on 24 February 2022 were also severe violations of international lawViolations of international law. The response to the Russian warRussian war in EuropeEurope has already resulted in a downgrading of the response to the effects ofGlobal environmental change global environmental changeEnvironmental change to fragmentation and uncertainty during the third phase of the AnthropoceneThird phase of the Anthropocene. This author calls for a rethinking of ‘politics’, ‘policy’ and ‘polity’ in the AnthropoceneAnthropocene, “thinking geologicalGeological and geographic time togetherThinking geological and geographic time together”, “combining the peacePeace and securitySecurity narrativePeace and security narrative with the ecological and AnthropoceneCombining the peace and security narrative with the ecological and Anthropocene narrative narrativeAnthropocene narrative” and “integrating Earth Systems ScienceEarth Systems Science” (ESS)Simulation models of Earth Systems Science (ESS) with the “history of structures and events” (Braudel).