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An investigation of odor distribution characteristics in source and drinking water of 98 drinking water treatment plants in 31 cities across China was carried out based on a high-throughput quantification method for 95 odorants using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) and Flavor Profile Analysis. The national investigation showed that about 90% of source water samples exhibited odor problems with earthy/musty (31.8%) and swampy/septic (45.4%) odors as the dominant ones. 77 odor-causing compounds were detected in source water samples, and about 40 compounds were associated with emerging chemical pollution, including ethers, cyclic acetals, phenols, and benzene-containing compounds, etc. 2-Methylisoborneol was identified as the main earthy/musty odor-causing compound and thioethers including dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide were mainly associated with swampy/septic odor. In addition, some cyclic acetals were first detected in Huangpu River, which were the main cause of chemical odor episodes in Huangpu River source water. Cyclic acetals and bis(2-chloro-1-ethylethyl) ether could be associated with resin-related industrial pollution, and their potential health effects are also worthy of attention.

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Odor-Causing Compounds in Drinking Water: Occurrence and Sources in Major Cities Across China

  • 章节

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Chunmiao Wang,
  • Jianwei Yu,
  • Min Yang

摘要

An investigation of odor distribution characteristics in source and drinking water of 98 drinking water treatment plants in 31 cities across China was carried out based on a high-throughput quantification method for 95 odorants using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) and Flavor Profile Analysis. The national investigation showed that about 90% of source water samples exhibited odor problems with earthy/musty (31.8%) and swampy/septic (45.4%) odors as the dominant ones. 77 odor-causing compounds were detected in source water samples, and about 40 compounds were associated with emerging chemical pollution, including ethers, cyclic acetals, phenols, and benzene-containing compounds, etc. 2-Methylisoborneol was identified as the main earthy/musty odor-causing compound and thioethers including dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide were mainly associated with swampy/septic odor. In addition, some cyclic acetals were first detected in Huangpu River, which were the main cause of chemical odor episodes in Huangpu River source water. Cyclic acetals and bis(2-chloro-1-ethylethyl) ether could be associated with resin-related industrial pollution, and their potential health effects are also worthy of attention.