Developing and Implementing a Gamification Feature in a Virtual Reality Temporal Bone Surgical Simulator

This paper explores the development and implementation of a gamification feature, progression bars, within the Visible Ear Simulator (VES) to enhance surgical training. VES is an advanced virtual reality temporal bone surgical simulator, incorporating automated final-product ratings based on a modified Welling Scale. By introducing progression bars, the simulator offers real-time feedback on trainee performance, aiming to improve both engagement and learning outcomes. Our gamification design is grounded in well-established motivational and educational theories, including Flow Theory, Self-Determination Theory, and Deliberate Practice Theory, to achieve a theoretically sound approach. Addressing a need in the gamification literature for clarification studies, we aim to scientifically test the effectiveness of this feature through randomized trials to evaluate its impact on skills acquisition and trainee motivation. This work-in-progress paper describes our current progress and research. Our goal is to develop a comprehensive, freely accessible gamified ear surgery simulator that better prepares trainees for real-world surgical procedures.