Design and Construction of Dual-Axis Solar Tracking Using Arduino Electronics

The growing demand for electrical energy worldwide is driving many countries to increase their production of electricity from renewable sources. In line with this growth trend, significant resources are being invested in research aimed at improving the energy efficiency of solar panels, which are increasingly being used for energy generation. This study focuses on the design and implementation of a dual-axis solar tracker, which significantly enhances the efficiency of solar panels. Following the successful design and implementation of a miniature version of the solar tracker, this research aims to conduct measurements and compare the electricity production between a fixed solar panel and a tracker that moves along one and two axes. The results of this research will enable the assessment of the economic viability of investing in dual-axis solar panels compared to single-axis tracking panels, as well as fixed solar panels. The subsequent sections of this paper will provide a detailed description of the process of creating a dual-axis solar tracker, as well as the methods used to test the system's efficiency. The measurements revealed that the solar tracker increased the efficiency of electricity production by approximately 21.5% compared to fixed panels, demonstrating the potential of dual-axis solar trackers in enhancing solar energy generation.